Pronk's Gecko
Phelsuma pronki
Abstract
Pronk's Gecko Phelsuma pronki has most recently been assessed for The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species in 2024. Phelsuma pronki is listed as Endangered under criteria B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii).
The Red List Assessment
Andriantsimanarilafy, R.R. & Rakotondrina, A.J.V. 2025. Phelsuma pronki. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2025: e.T178246A256959684. Accessed on 13 December 2025.
Last assessed
11 December 2024
Scope of assessment
Global
The Green Status Assessment
Rakotondrina, A.J.V. & Andriantsimanarilafy, R.R.
2024. Phelsuma pronki (Green Status assessment). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2024: e.T178246A17824620252.
Accessed on 14 December 2025.
Population trend
Decreasing
Number of mature individuals
Species recovery score
8% (8% - 33%)
Geographic range
-
Extant (resident)
Assessment Information
Global Assessment
IUCN Red List Category and Criteria - Global Assessment
Endangered B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii)
Date assessed
11 December 2024
Year published
2025
Assessment Information in detail
Green Status Assessment Information
IUCN SPECIES RECOVERY CATEGORY
Species Recovery Score
8% (8% - 33%)
Date assessed
Year published
2024
Conservation impact metrics
Green Status Assessment Information in detail
Geographic Range
Native
Extant (resident)
Madagascar
Number of locations
4
Upper elevation limit
1,088 metres
Lower elevation limit
961 metres
Geographic Range in detail
Indigenous and Expected Additional Range
Benchmark Year
1896
Expected Additional Range
No
Indigenous and Expected Additional Range in detail
Population
Current population trend
Number of mature individuals
Population severely fragmented
Yes
Continuing decline of mature individuals
Population in detail
Spatial Units
Spatial Units
Faraony River to Manombo; Mangoro River to Namorona River; Namorona River to Faraony River; Toamasina to Mangoro River
Number of Spatial Units
4
Spatial Units Definition Method
Geological
Spatial units description
Spatial units have been divided based on rivers, which are impassable barriers for this species. There is likely to have been genetic structure between river-divided segments at the benchmark year.
Spatial Units in detail
Habitat and Ecology
System
Habitat type
Generation length (years)
3 years
Congregatory
Movement patterns
Continuing decline in area, extent and/or quality of habitat
Yes
Habitat and Ecology in detail
Ecological Function
Functionality description
Defining functionality is challenging in this species. Ecosystem characteristics are not appropriate indicators of the species' functionality as its interspecies interactions are weak and subject to functional redundancy. Pre-impact density would be an acceptable proxy, but is not known. Recent surveys found 2.5–5 individuals per km transect (Andriantsimanarilafy et al. 2020), but the species is only extant in degraded habitat. Moreover, surveys are unlikely to have recorded all individuals, as the species is highly cryptic and often occurs above human eye level (up to 10 m) on trees (Andriantsimanarilafy et al. 2020). As far as can be found, there are no studies measuring the density of a Phelsuma species in pristine humid rainforest to serve as a reference.
To reflect the uncertainty in defining functionality for this species, any spatial unit deemed Viable will have an upper bound of Functional where ≥50% of the former suitable habitat area remains.
Ecological Function in detail
Threats
Agriculture & aquaculture
- Annual & perennial non-timber crops
Energy production & mining
- Mining & quarrying
Biological resource use
- Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals
- Logging & wood harvesting
Natural system modifications
- Fire & fire suppression
Threats in detail
Use and Trade
Pets/display animals, horticulture
Local:
✘
National:
✘
International:
✔
Use and Trade in detail
Conservation Actions
In-place research and monitoring
- Action Recovery Plan : Yes
- Systematic monitoring scheme : No
In-place land/water protection
- Conservation sites identified : Yes, over part of range
- Area based regional management plan : Yes
- Occurs in at least one protected area : Yes
In-place species management
- Subject to ex-situ conservation : No
In-place education
- Subject to recent education and awareness programmes : Yes
- Included in international legislation : Yes
- Subject to any international management / trade controls : Yes
Conservation Actions in detail
Bibliography
Red List Bibliography
Green Status Bibliography
External Data
Images and External Links
Images and External Links in detail
CITES Legislation from Species+
Data source
The information below is from the Species+ website.
CITES Legislation from Species+ in detail
Ex situ data from Species360
Data source
The information below is from Species360's Zoological Information Management System (ZIMS)
Ex situ data from Species360 in detail
Studies and Actions from Conservation Evidence
Data source
The information below is from the Conservation Evidence website.