Justification
This species is listed as Least Concern on the basis that it has a wide range and most records are from well-protected reserves. It is nevertheless very poorly-known, potentially with a comparatively restricted area of occupancy. Research is needed to confirm that it is not more threatened than presently recognized.
Geographic Range Information
This species was described from Cathedral Peak in the Drakensberg, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. It is presently known from a cluster of localities in two distribution centres: one on the south coast and adjoining mountains of the Eastern Cape of South Africa; and the other in the mountains along the north-east and south-east Drakensberg escarpment near the border between KwaZulu-Natal and Lesotho (Scholtz and Howden 1987, Davis et al. 1999, Davis et al. 2020). It has been proposed that this range suggest a disjunct distribution in cool regions, however Davis et al. (2020) caution that it is unclear whether the discontinuous distribution is genuine or a collecting artefact. It has been recorded between 398 and 3,377 m asl (Davis et al. 2020), although the upper limit may be the result of averaging elevation across a 5x5 km cell as an earlier assessment (Davis 2013) gave the maximum recorded elevation as 2,700 m asl.
Population Information
Available quantitative data for this species suggest that population density is low and possibly patchy (Scholtz and Howden 1987).
Habitat and Ecology Information
The species is known from grassland and fynbos shrubland at high elevations (greater than 1,850 m asl), and in forest at low elevations (400-1,300 m asl), but there has been no "adequate assessment" of habitat associations (Davis et al. 2020). Along a transect at latitudes of 29-30 °S, which extended from the coastal hills at 500 m to the top of the mountains at 2,800 m, this small-bodied species was trapped only on the Sani Pass on finer-grained soils in natural grassland. It was recorded only at low numbers in nine out of twelve traps at 1,900 m (2.0 individuals per trap baited with cattle dung) and even lower numbers at 2,400 m (0.3 per trap) close to patches of shrubland vegetation with Cape floral affinities. None were recorded at 500 m, 1,000 m 1,500 m or 2,800 m. To the southwest, the species has been recorded at much lower altitude in the cooler Eastern Cape (Scholtz and Howden 1987). It has been recorded from cattle dung (Davis et al. 2020). Mean annual rainfall across known localities ranges from 354-1,037 mm, and mean annual temperature from 3.9-16.4 °C (Davis et al. 2020). It is presumed to be diurnal and has been recorded between November and March (Davis et al. 2020).
Threats Information
In the north of its range this species occurs in natural grassland, but it is is unclear whether this species is associated primarily with forest or natural shrubland assemblages in the southwest of its range (Davis et al. 1999). Thus, as the relative influence of forest, shrubland and grassland vegetation types is unknown, it is not possible to determine if it is threatened by vegetation transformation in parts of its range.
Use and Trade Information
There is no use or trade information available for this species.
Conservation Actions Information
This species occurs in Tsitsikamma National Park and uKhahlamba Drakensberg Park World Heritage Site, with most records having been taken from protected areas (Davis et al. 2020). There are no species-specific conservation measures in place. In order to determine the conservation status and extinction risk of this species, a survey of upland natural grassland and fynbos localities needs to be conducted between the extremities of its known range. Quantitative measurements are also needed to clarify changes in vegetation associations with elevation, to determine differences in its occurrence between natural and adjacent transformed vegetation, as well as research into the species' associations with different soil and dung types (Davis et al. 2020).