Pyrgulopsis neomexicana has been assessed as Critically Endangered using criterion B1ab(i,ii,iii) and B2ab(i,ii,iii). This species is known from a single spring measuring 2.4 m x 0.3 m. It used to occupy a number of surrounding springs, however continued water abstraction, water diversion, pollution and damming programs have resulted in the loss of this critical habitat. This species has been federally listed as endangered and collection of specimens is now prohibited, however this species is located on private land and no measures have been taken to address habitat degradation. Given more up-to-date information on the species population, it may also qualify for a CR listing under criterion A. There has been an estimated 80% population decline between 1987 and 1993, when population estimates fell from 5,000 individuals to 1,000 individuals. However, more up-to-date figures are not available on the population of this species.

The species was last assessed under the non-quantative version of the IUCN Categories and Criteria, were it was listed as Endangered in the Red List in 1994, and data on this species suggests ongoing decline of the number of springs fed by the groundwater source as well decline in the population size leading to the reassessment as Critically Endangered.

This species is endemic to a single spring in Socorro County, New Mexico, USA. The spring measures 2.4 m x 0.3 m (NatureServe 2009). This species was known from surrounding springs, however as a result of continued groundwater and surface water abstraction, pollution, water diversion and damming this species is now restricted to a single location.

This species was estimated to total less than 1,000 individuals (Mehlhop 1993). This represents a decline from the 5,000 individuals estimated by Taylor in 1987.

This species is known from a thermal spring (NatureServe 2009).

Much of this species' habitat is now destroyed due to groundwater depletion, surface water abstraction, water pollution and loss of riparian habitat (BISON-M 1996). The threat of most concern is continued water abstraction resulting in loss of flow to this spring. The potential introduction of exotic fishes or other species pose a threat through predation and competition (USFWS 1993).

This species has been given a Global Heritage Status Rank of G1 (critically imperiled) by NatureServe (2009). It is also federally listed as endangered and state listed as endangered group 2: both listings protect from collection without a permit (NatureServe 2009). This species is located on private land, so the site cannot be designated as a protected area. Attempts have been made to work with the land owner to address habitat degradation, however as of yet none of these measures have been employed (USFWS 1993). However, site management is clearly urgently needed. New Mexico Game and Fish are also doing captive propagation to assist the conservation of this species.