Aeshna isoceles has an extent of occurrence greater than 20,000 km², but the population is fragmented and area of occupancy within this range is less than 2,000 km². In Morocco, the population is stable, but elsewhere in northern Africa it is declining.

Aeshna isoceles occurs in central and southern Europe and in northern Africa. It is very localised across much of its range, especially in the southwest (Iberia and northern Africa). It is often numerous where present.

In northern Africa, it is present in Morocco, Tunisia, and Algeria. The species is known from six localities in Morocco.

Widespread, but never abundant. In Morocco there six localities, and in Algeria there are two.

Usually breeds in large, sunny standing waterbodies with rich vegetation, such as ditches, marshes, ponds and lakes. In Morocco it has been found in fast flowing water.

Drying of swamps. Habitat loss generally, and pollution from domestic sources and livestock.

Habitat conservation is required. Does occur in protected areas, but these are not managed or well protected. Effective management is lacking even within protected areas.