Cheirolophus junonianus is listed as Endangered due to its restricted extent of occurrence of less than 56 km² and a small area of occupancy of 2 km². It occurs in two subpopulations which are highly affected by anthropogenic pressure and because of its uneven reproductive patterns, characterised by low rates of success in the establishment and survival of seedlings. Although the population trend is stable, tourism and poor recruitment cause the conservation of this species to be highly threatened.

Cheirolophus junonianus is endemic to the island of La Palma, the Canary Islands, Spain (Rodríguez Delgado et al. 2004), where it grows at an altitude between 200 and 425 m asl. It has two subpopulations in Fuencaliente, on the southern part of the island. Its area of occupancy is 2 km² and its extent of occurrence is lower than the area of this municipality, which is 56 km² (O. Rodríguez, A.García Gallo and G. Cruz pers. comm. 2011).

Its total population size has been estimated in 1,942 individuals and it is considered to have been stable throughout the past decades. A slight trend towards increasing its population size and colonize new areas has been observed (Commission of the European Communities 2009). The species tends to produce a high number of seedlings but these have been reported to show low growth and survival rates (Rodríguez Delgado et al. 2004).

C. junonianus occurs in xerophilous ruderal shrublands (Artemisio-Rumicetum lunariae) that grow in unstable naturally or human modified substrates within the Canarian vegetation community tabaibal-cardonal (Commission of the European Communities 2009). Its secondary habitat is the tabaibal dulce (Echio-Euphorbietum balsamifera), on more stable rocky substrates. Its common accompanying species are Echium brevirame, Periploca laevigata, Rubia fruticosa, Kleinia neriifolia, Euphorbia obtusifolia, Paronychia canariensis, Aeonium spathulatum and Monanthes muralis (Rodríguez Delgado et al. 2004).

Tourism has been described as the main threat to the species, including trampling, riding and the presence of non-motorised vehicles (Commission of the European Communities 2009). Occasional landslides and game activities have also been reported as threats (Rodríguez Delgado et al. 2004).

It has medicinal properties as hypoglycemic, cytostatic and antibiotic, due to its content of aguerina.

This species is listed on Annex II of the Habitats Directive and under Appendix I of the Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats (Bern Convention). It is classed EN B2ab(iii,v) in the Spanish Red List (Moreno 2008). At regional level it is listed as species "de interés para los ecosistemas canarios" in the catalogue of protected species of the Canary Islands.

The two locations are included in the protected area Monumento Natural de los Volcanes de Teneguía. Seeds have been collected and are stored in the germplasm banks Banco de Germoplasma del Jardín Botánico Canario Viera y Clavijo and Banco de Germoplasma de la ETSIA, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid.

In order to ensure the conservation of the species a surveillance and control programme has to be developed.