Pyrgulopsis roswellensis has been assessed as Vulnerable as it is only found in the Roswell area of the Pecos River Valley, where it occurs in just three springs. The species only remains extant due to the protection of the refuge and this one location would be equally affected by future threats of increased ground water extraction or stochastic events. While groundwater abstraction is currently not an immediate threat, it has been noted that this is a chronic - and hence plausible future - threat throughout the area of the Pecos River Valley where the species occurs.

This species is only known from the Roswell area in the Pecos Valley, New Mexico with extant populations occurring in Bitter Creek, Sago Spring and Unit 7 spring-ditch (New Mexico Department of Game and Fish 2006). There is less than 9 km between the two most distant subpopulations, however they used to occur approximately 20 km apart (NatureServe 2009).

This species has become extirpated from sites where it was formerly known as a result of groundwater abstraction (FWS 2005) and has only three extant subpopulations in the Bitter Lake National Wildlife Refuge (New Mexico Department of Game and Fish 2006). The overall population trend is therefore decreasing. The species was found to occur at densities of 1,125 individuals per m² to around 28,000 individuals per m² at Sago Spring, but only 64 individuals per m² to 512 individuals per m² at Bitter Lake (Lang 2002, in New Mexico Department of Game and Fish 2006).

This species is known from freshwater springs and seeps (FWS 2005). The species prefers hard gypsum substrate which explains the differences in density between the Sago Spring and Bitter Creek sites (New Mexico Department of Game and Fish 2004).

This species is known from contained areas within a wildlife refuge where surface water flow (not groundwater) is protected and managed by the reserve. Thus, no current threats appear to be acting on this species within the refuge, though it would quickly become extirpated from remaining sites should groundwater abstraction or changes in the water quality occur (FWS 2005, NatureServe 2009). Therefore, while not an immediate threat, it has been noted that aquifer depletion constitutes a chronic threat to the area (NatureServe 2009). Specifically, the species has been extirpated from sites where it was formerly known as a result of groundwater abstraction and regional groundwater pumping for agricultural use, oil and gas industry operations and municipal water supplies threaten the long-term survival of the species in areas surrounding the reserve (New Mexico Department of Fish and Game 2006). Future threats of urban development exist in the form of sewage contamination (New Mexico Department of Fish and Game 2006).

This species is not utilized.

This species has been given a Global Heritage Status Rank of G2 - Imperiled, by NatureServe (2009) and was listed as federally endangered in 2005 (USFWS 2005). The objectives of a recovery plan aim to secure viable populations in the historic range of Bitter Lake National Wildlife Refuge and in at least two off-refuge sites in New Mexico (NatureServe 2009; New Mexico Department of Game and Fish 2006).