Claytonia ozarkensis was described in 2006 as a near-endemic to the Ozarks, based on a small number of specimens from Arkansas, Missouri, and Oklahoma (Miller and Chambers 2006). Yatskievych et al. (2013) report that specimens from Missouri and Oklahoma including the type of C. ozarkensis, are a broad-leaved form of the widespread C. virginica. Thus, Claytonia ozarkensis is a heterotypic synonym of C. virginica. However, the remaining specimens from Arkansas continue to represent a novel taxon, which they describe as Claytonia arkansana.

Claytonia arkansana is a short-lived perennial herb that is known from only three counties in Arkansas, U.S.A. It occurs on rock crevices and ledges on sandstone, and while there is some unexplored suitable habitat it is likely that this species will always be rare given its microhabitat requirements. A continuing decline in the quality of habitat is inferred based on threats from invasive species that can outcompete the small Claytonia. In addition, past development may be impacting some occurrences through erosion and altered hydrology. This species meets the requirements for Vulnerable under Criterion B for area (EOO <5,000 km², AOO <500 km²), a continuing decline habitat quality, and number of locations (≤10).

Claytonia arkansana occurs in the eastern United States, where it is endemic to Arkansas. It is known from three counties in Arkansas: Cleburne, Faulkner, and Van Buren (Baker and Witsell 2018). It is restricted to two Level IV Ecoregions: Lower Boston Mountains and Arkansas Valley Hills (Woods et al. 2004). This species is known from 10 occurrences, and more occurrences may exist in suitable habitat that is yet to be inventoried (Baker and Witsell 2018).

The global population size is unknown. This species is difficult to survey, as it is reliant on rock climbers for surveys (T. Witsell pers. comm. 2024).

This species grows in the crevices, seams, and cracks with seasonal seepage on the face or top of sandstone cliffs. Sites are typically in full sun or partially under dense shade (Baker and Witsell 2018, Yatskievych et al. 2013).

Claytonia arkansana is threatened by erosion and altered drainage pattern due to upslope development. At one occurrence there are large patches of invasive species (Lonicera japonica, Ligustrum sinense) that could become problematic. Hiking trails are noted at other occurrences, but currently don't pose a threat. Long distance dispersal and colonization of new sites are expected to be a rare possibilities given that seeds are dispersed only nearby the maternal plant (negative phototropism) (Baker and Wistell 2018). Climate change, or at least hot, dry summers are unlikely to negatively impact the species it since it is dormant at that time and already oversummers in dry rock cracks with no soil (T. Witsell pers. comm. 2024).

There are three occurrences that occur on public lands owned by the U.S. Army Corp of Engineers (2 occurrences), and the Arkansas Natural Heritage Commission (1 occurrence) (Baker and Witsell 2018). More information is needed about genetic diversity within and among populations, breeding systems, pollinators, and reproductive success (G. Yatskievych pers. comm. 2021).