This is a range-restricted species, known from few localities on South Peloponnese, making it rare in the country. Its extent of occurrence (EOO) is around 140 km², its area of occupancy (AOO) is 16 km² and it has three to four locations. The population size is estimated around 1,000 individuals. However, many clusters of dead plants have been observed without any obvious explanation and in combination with the absence of young plants, it is safe to assume a continuing decline in the number of mature individuals. Research and monitoring of the species are extremely urgent, due to small population size. It was mentioned in The Red Data Book of Greece (Kalpoutzakis and Constantinidis 2009) as Vulnerable. The species is classified as Endangered under B1ab(v)+2ab(v).

Potentilla arcadiensis is a rare Greek endemic, known only from South Peloponnese. It is found in the gorge between Leonidion and Kosmas villages, as well as on Chionovouni Mountain (Kalpoutzakis and Constantinidis 2009).

According to Kalpoutzakis and Constantinidis (2009), the total number of mature plants approached 1,000 individuals at the time of their research. The subpopulation in Elona area is scattered in three sites and recorded approximately 90-110 plant clusters (30-35 clusters in each site). The subpopulation in Agios Nikolaos area is scattered in four sites and contains approximately 250 plant clusters (10-100 clusters in each site). The Aetorachi subpopulation consists of approximately 100 individuals. The Chionovouni subpopulation consisted also of 100 individuals approximately. The researchers estimated that the total number of mature individuals is around 1,000. They noted that, in all subpopulations, there was a lack of young plants and they all consisted mainly of very mature plants. According to them, this phenomenon could be caused by the hard rocky substrate, that forms very few locations suitable for the establishment of young plants, as well as the difficulty in their survival.

The species appears in steep, vertical, almost unapproachable limestone cliffs, usually in semi-shady and protected spots (Kalpoutzakis and Constantinidis 2009). It survives inside rock fissures with very little soil or organic matter. Most cliffs have north, north-west or north-east exposure, except two that have south and south-east. The areas, where the cliffs are found, are covered with maquis vegetation, dominated by Acer sempervirens, Arbutus andrachne, A. unedo, Ceratonia siliqua, Cotinus coggygria, Fraxinus ornus, Quercus coccifera, Q. ilex, Phillyrea latifolia, Pistacia lentiscus, P. terebinthus. Around Elona Monastery, the species grows along with other rare or endemic species, such as Asperula taygetea, Campanula asperuloides, Petrorhagia grandiflora, Teucrium francisci-werneri. Around Agios Nikolaos Monastery, it grows along with Erica manipuliflora, Melica rectiflora, Minuartia pichleri, Scabiosa crenata subsp. breviscapa and Adiantum capillus-veneris, Asperula boryana.

The species grows in inaccessible locations, therefore it is not threatened by human activities. However, Kalpoutzakis and Constantinidis (2009) noticed several dead plants in all subpopulations, but could not accurately describe the reason for this appearance (climate change or natural death). Therefore, it is something that must be taken seriously under consideration. Furthermore, fires are a threat to the species. Additionally, the isolation of the subpopulations and the small population size, make it vulnerable to random stochastic events, as well as to reproduction collapse due to small genetic variability.

All Potentilla arcadiensis' subpopulations are included in Natura 2000 sites, namely: GR2520005 (Moni Elonas kai Charadra Leonidiou) and GR2540001 (Ori Gidovouni, Chionovouni, Gaidourovouni, Korakia, Kalogerovouni, Koulochera kai Periochi Monemvasias). However, no conservation measures have been taken so far. Research must be done for the entire population of the species, in order to effectively protect it, as well as for its ecology, the threats it faces in every locality and actions that must be taken towards its conservation. Monitoring the population for several years along with planning its recovery and management of the area it occupies, are extremely urgent. Germplasm must be kept in seed banks, as well as ex situ propagation and cultivation of the species. Citizens' awareness and communication of the significance of this plant for the country's environment will also play a huge role for its survival. Legal protection is recommended. It is mentioned in The Red Data Book of Greece (Kalpoutzakis and Constantinidis 2009) as Vulnerable.