This species occurs in the Philippines and Indonesia. It grows in disturbed and primary forests at elevations of 50 to 250 m above sea level. The species has an estimated extent of occurrence (EOO) of 1,329,805.207 km², with 34 estimated locations based on available data. Although the current population size is unknown, the species is expected to experience a continuous decline due to the habitat-threatening effects of commodity-driven deforestation, logging activities, shifting agriculture and urbanization. Despite these threats, the species is globally assessed as Least Concern (LC) due to its numerous occurrences, wide distribution, and expected abundance. However, conservation initiatives in situ and ex situ are necessary to prevent the species from being pushed into any threatened category in the future.

This species is native to the Philippines and Indonesia (WCSP 2018, Wilkie et al. 2008). It can be found in lowland primary and disturbed forests in various locations, including Abra, Agusan del Norte, Bataan, Bukidnon, Bulacan, Cagayan, Catanduanes, Cavite, Guimaras, Ilocos Sur, Iloilo, Isabela, Laguna, Lanao del Sur, Leyte, Masbate, Northern Samar, Oriental Mindoro, Palawan, Pangasinan, Quezon, Rizal, Romblon, Samar, South Cotabato, Surigao del Norte, Zambales and Zamboanga del Sur, in the Philippines, and in Maluku Utara and Sulawesi Selatan, Indonesia. It typically grows at an elevation of 50 to 250 m above sea level (van Royen 1960, Pro-Seeds Development Association, Inc. 2019, GBIF 2023). The species has an extent of occurrence (EOO) of 1,329,805.207 km², with 34 identified locations continuously threatened by commodity-driven deforestation, logging activities, shifting agriculture, and urbanization (Global Forest Watch 2023).

In 2019, Pro-Seeds Development Association, Inc. recorded 55 individuals of the species – 38 in Leyte, 12 in Tampakan (South Cotabato), three in Tubo (Abra), one in Maragondon (Cavite) and one in San Roque (Pangasinan). However, the total population size remains uncertain due to a lack of research initiatives. Further inventories and documentation can help address this issue. Nevertheless, there is a continuous decline in population expected due to ongoing forest losses induced by commodity-driven deforestation, logging activities, shifting agriculture and urbanization within its range (Global Forest Watch 2023).

This species is a tree species that can range in height from seven to 25 m (GBIF 2023). It is found in disturbed forests and primary forests at elevations ranging from 50 to 250 m above sea level (van Royen 1960, GBIF 2023). Habitat loss is inferred to be ongoing in Sulawesi (Poulsen 2012), and satellite imagery predicts a future decline in the Philippines (Global Forest Watch 2023). Its flowers bloom from August to January (van Royen 1960).

There has been a 3% loss of tree cover within the estimated extent of occurrence (EOO) of the species, which could have a negative effect on its population. However, this loss was only calculated between 2000 and 2016 (Global Forest Watch 2018), and the current state of tree cover loss is unclear. In the Philippines, the species is primarily threatened by land conversion and habitat degradation induced by commodity-driven deforestation, logging activities, shifting cultivation and urbanization (Global Forest Watch 2023). Similarly, the lowlands of Sulawesi are under continuous threat of being logged or converted (Poulsen 2012). Based on analysed data from Global Forest Watch from 2001 to 2020, a significant loss of tree cover has been reported across the species' range (provinces), amounting to 548,290 hectares in the Philippines and 580,000 hectares in Indonesia.

This species is commonly harvested for its timber and construction materials (WCMC 1991, GBIF 2023). In addition, it serves as a voucher specimen for anticancer and anti-AIDS screening purposes (GBIF 2023).

It was listed as Vulnerable in the Updated National List of Threatened Species in the Philippines (DAO 2017-11), which inhibits illegal and excessive tampering of the species from its natural habitats, together with other species specified therein. Unauthorized utilization, trade, and disturbances made in its natural habitats are punishable by the law under the Wildlife Resources Conservation and Protection Act of 2001 (Republic Act no. 9147).

It is present in protected areas in the Philippines, such as Northern Sierra Madre Natural Park, Lower Agno Watershed Forest Reserve, Upper Marikina River Basin Protected Landscape, Catanduanes Natural Park, Mt. Guiting-Guiting Natural Park, Samar Island Natural Park, Sibalom Natural Park, and Lake Lanao Watershed Reservation. It is also found in key biodiversity areas, including Mount Matutum Protected Landscape, Victoria and Anepahan Ranges, Pagbilao and Tayabas Bay, North Eastern Cagayan Protected Landscape and Seascape.

Moreover, it is known to be present in at least one botanic garden globally (BGCI 2022). However, further research and monitoring are necessary to better understand the conservation needs of this species. A significant portion of its habitat in the Philippines has been lost or degraded, and further investigation is needed to determine whether this species is still present in those areas. The results of this investigation could further determine the level of extinction risk faced by the species.