The Red List Assessment
Luiselli, L. & Vamberger, M. 2024. Emys orbicularis (Europe assessment). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2024: e.T7717A207667247. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2024-1.RLTS.T7717A207667247.en. Accessed on 14 March 2025.
Population trend
Decreasing
Number of mature individuals
Habitat and ecology
Forest, Shrubland, Grassland, Wetlands (inland), Marine Coastal/Supratidal, Artificial/Aquatic & Marine
Geographic range
-
Extinct & Introduced
-
Extant & Reintroduced (resident)
-
Extinct & Origin Uncertain
-
Extant & Introduced (resident)
-
Extant & Origin Uncertain (resident)
-
Extant (resident)
Assessment Information
IUCN Red List Category and Criteria
Near Threatened A2bcde
Date assessed
09 January 2023
Year published
2024
Assessment Information in detail
Geographic Range
Native
Extant (resident)
Albania; Austria; Belarus; Bosnia and Herzegovina; Bulgaria; Croatia; France; Germany; Gibraltar; Greece; Hungary; Italy; Latvia; Lithuania; Moldova; Montenegro; North Macedonia; Poland; Portugal; Romania; Russian Federation; Serbia; Slovakia; Slovenia; Spain; Türkiye; Ukraine
Extant & Reintroduced (resident)
Czechia; Switzerland
Extant & Introduced (resident)
Denmark; Italy; Spain
Extant & Origin Uncertain
France
Extinct & Introduced
Belgium
Extinct & Origin Uncertain
Netherlands
Presence Uncertain & Reintroduced
United Kingdom
Number of locations
Upper elevation limit
Lower elevation limit
Upper depth limit
Lower depth limit
Geographic Range in detail
Population
Current population trend
Number of mature individuals
Population severely fragmented
No
Continuing decline of mature individuals
Yes
Population in detail
Habitat and Ecology
Generation length (years)
25 years
Congregatory
Congregatory (year-round)
Movement patterns
Not a Migrant
Continuing decline in area, extent and/or quality of habitat
Yes
Habitat and Ecology in detail
Threats
Residential & commercial development
- Housing & urban areas
- Commercial & industrial areas
- Tourism & recreation areas
Transportation & service corridors
- Roads & railroads
Biological resource use
- Fishing & harvesting aquatic resources
Natural system modifications
- Fire & fire suppression
- Dams & water management/use
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases
- Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases
- Problematic species/disease of unknown origin
- Viral/prion-induced diseases
Pollution
- Domestic & urban waste water
- Industrial & military effluents
- Agricultural & forestry effluents
Threats in detail
Use and Trade
Food - human
Pets/display animals, horticulture
Use and Trade in detail
Conservation Actions
In-place research and monitoring
- Systematic monitoring scheme : Unknown
In-place land/water protection
- Occurs in at least one protected area : Yes
In-place education
- Subject to recent education and awareness programmes : Yes
- Included in international legislation : Yes
Conservation Actions in detail
Acknowledgements
Acknowledgements in detail
Bibliography
Red List Bibliography
Green Status Bibliography
External Data
Images and External Links
Images and External Links in detail
CITES Legislation from Species+
Data source
The information below is from the Species+ website.
CITES Legislation from Species+ in detail
Ex situ data from Species360
Data source
The information below is from Species360's Zoological Information Management System (ZIMS).
Ex situ data from Species360 in detail
Studies and Actions from Conservation Evidence
Data source
The information below is from the Conservation Evidence website.